Reviewed by certified coders + a maternal-fetal medicine physician / Updated for 2026
OB Coding Guide
59320 Procedure

CPT 59320: Cervical Cerclage, Vaginal ApproachCervical Cerclage, Vaginal Approach

The short answer

Use 59320 for a cerclage placed through the vagina during pregnancy, the McDonald or Shirodkar stitch used to treat cervical insufficiency. It bills separately from and in addition to the global OB package, because treating a complication is not routine care. A cerclage placed through an abdominal incision uses a different code (59325), and a cerclage in a patient who is not pregnant belongs to the gynecology code set.

Source: CMSSource: ACOGSource: CMS MPFS 2026

When to use 59320

Report 59320 when a vaginal cerclage is placed during pregnancy, whether prophylactically for a history of cervical insufficiency, in response to a short cervix on ultrasound, or as a rescue procedure for painless dilation. The same practice can bill 59320 and later bill the global package 59400 or 59510 for the same pregnancy; the cerclage is a complication-driven procedure sitting outside the routine bundle. The diagnosis is what carries that argument, so pair the procedure with the cervical-insufficiency coding, and let the ultrasound findings (76817 cervical length surveillance where performed) tell the story in the record.

Documentation checklist

The claim needs the indication, the approach, and the anesthesia context. The indication is what keeps the procedure outside the global bundle.

Indication documented: history-based, ultrasound-indicated short cervix, or exam-indicated rescue
Cervical length measurement or exam findings supporting the decision
Operative note specifying the vaginal approach and technique
Gestational age at placement
Anesthesia type recorded
Plan for removal noted, including expected timing

Global package rules

59320 bills outside the global OB package. The package covers routine antepartum care; a cerclage treats a complication, so it is separately payable even when the same practice later bills 59400 or 59510. Removal is the nuance: taking the stitch out in the office near term is generally counted as part of routine care or the delivery, while removal under anesthesia has its own code (59871). See The Global OB Package, explained. ACOG

Reimbursement

2026 · national Medicare averages
ComponentWork RVUTotal RVU2026 rate
59320Procedure2.424.11$137.28

National amounts under the 2026 Medicare Physician Fee Schedule (non-facility total RVU x $33.4009 conversion factor, no locality/MAC adjustment). Commercial and Medicaid rates differ. Verify current values with your MAC before billing.

Common denials

CO-97 Cerclage bundled into the global fee
Why it happens
The payer's edits swept the procedure into the maternity package billed by the same practice.
How to fix
Appeal with the complication diagnosis and the operative note. Cerclage for cervical insufficiency is treatment of a condition, not routine antepartum care, and pays in addition to the package.
Source: NCCI
CO-50 Medical necessity not established
Why it happens
The claim lacked a qualifying indication, or the diagnosis coded did not support cerclage.
How to fix
Resubmit with the cervical-insufficiency diagnosis and documentation of the history, cervical length, or exam findings behind the decision.
Source: ACOG
CO-16 Claim missing procedure details
Why it happens
Date of service, rendering provider, or place of service was inconsistent or absent.
How to fix
Resubmit with the operative date, the surgeon's NPI, and the facility where the cerclage was placed.
Source: CMS
CO-B15 Separate E/M denied on the day of the procedure
Why it happens
A same-day visit was billed without showing a significant, separately identifiable service beyond the decision already made.
How to fix
Bill same-day E/M only when the visit did distinct work, append modifier 25, and document it independently of the procedure note.
Source: NCCI

FAQ

What is the CPT code description for 59320?
In plain language, 59320 covers placing a supportive stitch around the cervix through the vagina during pregnancy, the procedure used to treat cervical insufficiency and reduce the risk of second-trimester loss or early preterm birth.
Is the cerclage included in the global OB package?
No. It treats a complication, so it bills separately and in addition to the global code, even when the same practice provides both. Keep the cervical-insufficiency diagnosis on the procedure claim.
How is cerclage removal billed?
Office removal near term is generally part of routine care or the delivery and not separately billed. Removal under anesthesia is a distinct procedure with its own code, 59871.
What about an abdominal cerclage?
Different code: 59325 covers the abdominal approach. The vaginal techniques, McDonald and Shirodkar alike, bill 59320.
Does an emergency rescue cerclage change the code?
No, the code is the same regardless of whether placement was history-indicated, ultrasound-indicated, or exam-indicated. The urgency lives in the documentation and diagnosis, and some payers recognize added complexity with modifier 22 when supported.
Can cervical length ultrasounds be billed alongside cerclage management?
Yes. Transvaginal cervical surveillance is separately billable with its own indication, before and after placement, subject to the payer's frequency rules.